Improvement in the mode of arranging the cylinders in double-cylinder engines for



NITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

CALEB L. FERRTS, OF OOURTLAND, NEV YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE 0F AHRANGING THE CYLINDEITS IN DOUBLE-CYLINDER ENGINES FOR PREVENTING A DEAD-POINT ON THE CRANK.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. '1.667, dated July l, 1840.

T0 aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, OALEB L. FERRTS, of.

' ment is as follows, reference being had to the drawing,which makes a part of this specification.

The figureis aperspective View ofthe engine, and similar letters refer to similar parts on the drawing.

Vertical: A is the vertical cylinder; F, the piston-rod; H H, the connecting-rods; NS N9, steam and exhaust pipes; O3 O, the valveboxes; G, cross-head; Q Q, lifting-rods; P, valve-rods.

Horizontal: B2 is the horizontal cylinder; N N5, exhaust and steam pipes; O O, the valveboxes; c, the flanges; M, the piston-rod; L, crosshead K K, connecting-rods X, top bar.

4 is the main or crank shaft; I I, cranks; W, eduction-pipe; J', induction-pipe; C, condenser; D, air-pump; E, force-pump; Z, lever which operates the pumps; a c, connecting-rod of the lever; h h, connecting-rods of the airpump; e, connecting-rod of the force-pump.

My invention consists in the particular manner in which I combine and arrange the vertical cylinder A and the horizontal cylinder B2 at right angles, or nearly so, one vertically, the other horizontally, for the purpose of overcoming what is termed the deadpoint on the crank. Two cylinders have heretofore been placed at right angles to effect the same object; but the manner in which they were arranged was different, the angle ofjunction being formed bythe piston-rods being inclined toward each other,which invention was not applicable to marine engines on account of its occupying too much'roorn. The manner in which I arrange the cylinders is different. Instead of having piston-rods or upper ends of the cylinders inclined toward each other I point them outward and bring the opposite or closed ends together and place the main shaft at or near their junction, the connecting-rods being brought from the cross-heads on the piston-rods or both cylinders to the cranks on the main shaft for operating the samen The positions of the cylinders may be varied, providing they are arranged as I have prescribed--that is, with their bottoms or closed ends united at right angles with each other; but as I tiud the following the most convenient and permanent arrangement I give it the preference:

I erect, in the lirst place, one of the ordinary vertical cylinders, (see A on the drawing,) which is provided with a piston, piston-rod, cross -head, and steam and exhaust valves worked bylifting-rods operated byarock-shaft as in the ordinary way. The valves and mode of operating them may be varied, as' that does not form a part of my invention. I n'eXt place a horizontal cylinder (see B2 on the drawing) having the same appendages of valves, liftingrods, piston, piston-rod, cross-head, tc., the bottoms of both cylinders being placed in opposition, so as to form a right angle, or nearly so, and vso arranged that a line drawn longitudinally through the center of the horizontal cylinder would pass at the distance of half the thickness of the main shaft below the bottom of the vertical cylinder. As it is necessary that the cylinders should be elevated in proportion to the elevation of the main shaft, I cast for this purpose a flange on each side of the horizontal cylinder, (see C on the drawing) and place standards (see b on the drawing) thereunder; but both the flanges and standard may be dispensed with and a wall or frame-work used instead of them; The bottom of the vertical cylinder also rests on standards in the usual manner. (See b b on the drawing.) It

may, however, be supported on a platform erected for that purpose in place of standards. Having arranged the cylinders in this manner7 I then place the main shaft directly or nearly under the center of the vertical lcylinder and place it at or near the angle of lines supposed to be drawn lengthwise through the center of both cylinders. (See4 on the drawing.) I have two cranks on thc main shaft7 one on each side of the cylinders, as in the ordinary cross-head engines, (see I I on the drawing,) and operate them by means of connecting-rods extended from the cross-heads of both pistourods and attached to them. (See H H and IC K on the drawing.) The condenser (when one is employed) I place under the vertical cylinder, (observe C on the drawing;) but it may be arranged differently, as circumstances may require. The air and forcing pumps I place below the horizontal cylinder and operate them by means of a lever, Z, like the ordinary walking-beam lever, to which theirpsr ton-rods are attached by means of connectingrods. The above-mentioned lever is supported y on two standards (observe d2 d2 on the drawing) placed on the flanges of the horizontal cylinder, and consequently Vvibrates over the, cylinder, being operated by the cross-head of the vertical cylinder by means of'connectingrods (observe a a on the drawing) attached to it.

constructed as to need but one eduction-pipe (see W on the drawing) 'and one inductionpipe (.I on `the drawing) lfor both cylinders on'account of their beingconnected togetherby short pieces of pi pewhich curve around the yertcal cylinder. (Observe n-uxon therd'rawmg- The valves on the vertical'cylinder, as Ifhave stated, are operated in `theordina'ry Waylb'y an eccentric on `the main shaft .giving motion to a rock-shaft workingthe lifting-*rods that open and shut the steam and exhaust valves of 'the cylinder. Therock-shaft or tiplbar X ofthe horizontal cylinderis operated,fhowev er,ira'ther differently. It isfplaced o-verfth'e cylinder and is supported on standards raised on the (seed d) flanges, which I have described as-being cast on the cylinder. It lisoperated vbyfa conmeeting-rod, V, attached to thecrank B, which extends alongthe cylinder andis fastened to oneend of the crank R of a fhorizoutalshaft, S, which I erect for this purposeon the side of the vertical cylinder opposite `to that on Both cylinders are provided with the =ordinary steam and exhaust pipes, which are so which the horizontal cylinder is `situate and at the same .elevation as the tip-bar X to the "crank R of the shaft S. An eccentric, T, on

the main shaft is attached, the motion given by which to the crank is communicated to the tip-bar X by means of the connecting-rod V.

The shaft S may be supported in any manner, either by standards from the ioor or otherwise; but it is represented by the drawing as supported by and moving in collars attached to the steam-pipes N8 and N9 of the vertical cylinder.

. Having described the above-mentioned engine by this specification and the annexed drawing, to which it refers, I will proceed to state what I claimfas my improvement and `wish 5to have secured 'by Letters 'Patent ofthe UnitedStates.

What I claimas my invention, and desire to have securedb'y ILetters Patent, vis

The manner in which `I have arranged and combined the horizontal and vertical cylinders-that is to say, placing `said cylinders, 

